Protagonist is often the main character. However there are still some exceptions. That's why I'd say protagonist is someone, we believe (or are being made believe) he's good.
Antagonist is a character who is in conflict with protagonist or the world in general. He often bears a strong resemblence to a protagonist, which makes their rivalry even more stubborn.
Phoenix Wright Miles Edgeworth
In video game, Phoenix Wright: Ace Attorney, we are supposed to prove our clients not guilty as Phoenix Wright, the defence attorney. Prosecutor in most cases, Miles Edgeworth, looks really similar to Phoenix. It even turns out, that they used to be school mates.
This is a perfect example of archetypical protagonist and antagonist pair. The fact, that they share the same origin, but their ways split in some point, makes their duels extremely fierce.
2. Round or flat
Round character is the subject of a book. He is prone to changes and varies his behaviour depending on plot twists. He's often supposed to surprise the reader. Here's another stereotypical example:
Beatrix Kiddo, from Kill Bill, undergoes a good deal of changes, during the plot. Actually, the whole story is around her self-development and way to the top.
Flat characters are part of the settings. They often represent certain values or attributes. They're the ones, reader can take for granted, which makes reader more comfortable about the world created.
On the other hand, Pai Mei, a minor character, who is supposed to teach Beatrix martial arts, remains the same during the whole film. He represents harsh self-control and extreme persistence. Despite his rather unusual features, he's only there in order to show Kiddo's personal struggle.
P.S. I regarded pop-cultural characters good examples, as they're more straight-wayed then book ones and I could post pictures of them, which seems to be more stimulating:)
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